Improved euddee



.successively one after another in the keel, occupying such an extent or lengt after another, and capable of being connected with and disconnected from the main rudder in action,

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F. w. KUHNERT, orq ROCHESTER,- NEW YoRKQ Letters Patent .2%.V 65,093, dated May 28, 1867. I

IMPRovsD RUBBER.

T0 ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, F. W. KUHNERTLof Rochester, in the county of -invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Rudders for Ships; ing is a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the acc specification.

Figure 1 is an elevation of a Steamship provided with my improvement.

Figure 2 is a plan of the same.

Figure 3 a section of the keel in the plane of line a: @,vg. 1.

Like letters of reference indicate corr J'spending parts in all the figures.

My invention consists in combining, with the ordinary rudder of a ship,

Monroe, and State of New York, have and I do hereby declare thatjhe followompanying drawings, making part ofthis a series of auxiliary rudders arranged h as to act in conjunction with the ma-in rudder in producing a more ready and sensitive action of the ship in turning the said series of rudders, being so connected with the windlass of the main rudder that they may be attached or detached at pleasure. Also' the employment, in connection with the above, of an auxiliary rudder in front of the vessel, the ble more particularly to war vessels requiring quick movements.

.As represented in the drawings, A is a ship or vessel, having the-usual rudder B, operated by chains connected with steering-wheel C in the ordinary manner. In the keel D is arranged a series of auxiliary rudders, E E E, extending forward successively, one after another, as shown in gs. 1 and 3, each being independent of the others and having a separate action in itself. These rudders may be operated by any desirable means, that indicated in the drawings (dotted lines) being chains attached to crank-arms of th passing forward,joining together, and having a hook or equivalent, a, which hooks into an eye or ring, b, ot' the chain connecting with the steering-wheel that operates the main rudder. When it is desired to disconnect the auxilary rudders from action, the hook ais shipped from to a d ead-eye,f.

These auxiliary rudders, by occupying an extended length in the keel, serve, rudder, to produce a more sensitive and alone. They act in this manner not only by reason of their extended length but y also from their peculiar position beneath the ship, where they are situated at such a depth that the Water cannot be displaced as at the rear and near the surface. Therefore, the maximum resistance is produced to the rudders when set at any angle. By this arrangement I am enabled to extend the rudder action, if desired, nearly half the length of' the ship. This is of' much importance under many circumstances, for instance in a gale. If at any time the main rudder becomes impaired oruseless, the auxiliaries still remain intact, and being situated so deep they are but little exposed. The means described of disconnecting the Vaction of the auxiliaries by hook a is very simple and effective. In calm weather, and under ordinary circumstancesgonly the main rudder is required. When desired the others can be connected in a moments time. In the front end of the ship is situated another auxiliary rudder, G, operated by hand-wheel, H, or in any equivalent manner. This is eil'ectivo in producing a quick turn. It is intended for use more particularly in those cases of emergency where it is necessary to make rapid changes of position. It wouldlse very eil'ective in war vessels.

Iam aware that the main rudder of ships has before been provided with supplementary wings forming a. part of itself. I am also aware that it has been proposed to employ one -or more screws to steer the vessel. Such I do not claim, but what I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

The combination, with the main rudder B, of the series of auxiliary ruddersE E E, arranged in the keel one same being applicaas herein set forth.

u u l n e In witness whereof I have hereunto slgned my name 1n the presence of-two subscr1bmg wltnesses.

- F. W. -KUHNERT Witnesses:

R. F. Oscoon, F. GRELI..

e rudders on each side, and 

